Gambling Disorder
Most adults and adolescents in the United States have placed some type of bet, but a small number develop a serious problem. Gambling disorder, as defined by the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), is characterized by a persistent pattern of gambling behavior that results in substantial distress or impairment. People with this disorder may be secretive or lie about their gambling, believe they can regain lost money by increasing bets, and feel compelled to gamble even when they are sick or have other pressing obligations.
Although many people who develop a gambling problem do so in adulthood, it can also start in childhood and be exacerbated by social or family problems. It is also more common in men than women, and people with a history of substance use disorders are more likely to have a gambling problem. People who play video games that involve gambling, particularly those that require micro-transactions and payments, are also more at risk for developing a gambling problem.
The definition of gambling has changed over time, but its main elements remain: placing something of value on an activity that is primarily a matter of chance in the hopes of gaining a prize. It has existed in virtually every society since prerecorded history, and is a part of the customs and rites of passage of many cultures.
A person who has a gambling disorder is at risk for severe personal, family, and financial harm. A significant minority of gamblers develop a disorder, which is reflected in the various editions of the DSM published by the American Psychiatric Association.
Understanding the causes and consequences of gambling has undergone a radical change in the past few decades. Until recently, people who experienced adverse consequences from gambling were considered to have personal problems; today, they are recognized as having psychological disorders.
This change in understanding is paralleled by an improvement in treatment options and recovery rates. There are now a variety of treatment and recovery programs for those with gambling addictions, including residential programs in which patients live in the treatment facility and receive around-the-clock support.
To help prevent the onset of a gambling disorder, it is important to recognize the warning signs and take steps to avoid risky activities. One of the best ways to prevent a problem is to eliminate all access to gambling. That means putting a stop to credit cards, having someone else manage your finances, closing online betting accounts, and staying away from casinos. It is also important to learn about the risks of gambling, and never make a bet unless you can afford to lose it. Gambling can become addictive very quickly, so it is essential to set limits and stick to them. Finally, it is always a good idea to tip the dealers at a casino; they deserve it! They work hard to keep your experience at the casino enjoyable, so be sure to tip them well.